White sand beaches, clear water and the cool breeze blowing lightly will make everyone feel comfortable. Beautiful natural scenery with a variety of fish and colorful coral reef visible from above water. See the sunset on the horizon, like a water barrier between the sun and the earth. Karimun Islands, offers natural beauty with stunning scenery and wealth of exotic marine life. For those of you who love the sport of diving, snorkeling and fishing, Karimunjawa tour is one place you should visit.
Karimun is one of the islands in the Java Sea which developed into a tourist park. Initially Karimunjawa is one area of marine sanctuaries in Indonesia. Natural scenic beauty such as coral reefs, seaweed and seagrass with diverse marine life, mangrove forests, mountains and lowland tropical forests are all unspoiled and so the government set karimunjawa as a Marine National Park.
Karimunjawa National Park covers 110,117.30 hectares of water area and land area with 1507.70 ha. Consisting of 27 small islands with 5 islands that are inhabited. Inhibited island is precarious, Kemujan island, the island of Karimun, Nyamuk Island and Parang island. Islands that became a favorite tourist spot for tourists because of its natural beauty is Menjangan Besar Island, Menjangan Kecil Island, Cemara Kecil Island and Tanjung Gelam.
On the Menjangan Besar island we can find sharks breeding. You can go swimming with sharks and touch them. Sharks in captivity is tame, so you do not have to worry about swimming with them. Menjangan Kecil island you should visit because the sea around the island accur lots of small fish with a beautiful colorful with beautiful coral reef. Beaches and charming sea makes diving and snorkeling are the main attractions on this island. Cemara Kecil Island and Cemara Besar island are islands that has many pine trees. And uniqueness of this island is the mainland with white sand that juts into the sea. Tanjung Gelam is a beautiful island with white sand and turquoise-colored sea.
If you want to buy souvenirs or handicrafts, in Karimunjawa there are many handicraft items made from rare wood like timber wood setigi (Pemphis acudula), dewadaru (fragaea fagran) and Kalimasada (subcordata cordial). In addition there are woven fabric, shirts, hats and other handmade you can find there.
In Karimunjawa there are many accommodation facilities offered in the form of cottage living (renting houses), guesthouse, hotel and cottage buoyancy (places to stay above the water not far from the beach) with rates ranging from Rp. 40.000 to Rp 300.000 / night.
Indonesia Tourism Guide - Information and Indonesia Traveling Tips
Borobudur temple is the name of a Buddhist temple located in Magelang, Central Java. Location of the temple is approximately 100 km southwest of Semarang and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. Borobudur temple is a very great historical sites and dashing. Many domestic and foreign tourists come to enjoy the splendor of State. Borobudur Temple does have a uniqueness and characteristics. Sculptures and carvings that exist at every level has its own value.
History Of Borobudur Temple
Borobudur was built around the year 800 AD or the 9th century. Borobudur was built by the adherents of Mahayana Buddhism during the reign of Syailendra dynasty. Borobudur Temple was founded by King Samaratungga from Syailendra dynasty. The possibility of this temple was built around 824 AD and was completed around the year 900 AD during the reign of Queen Pramudawardhani who is the daughter of Samaratungga. While the architects who contributed to build this temple according to the story of hereditary named Gunadharma.
The word Borobudur is based on the first written evidence written by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Governor General of the United Kingdom in Java, which gives the name of this temple. There is no written evidence that older who named Borobudur. Only one of the oldest documents that show the existence of this temple is Nagarakretagama book, written by mpu Prapanca in 1365. In the book is written that this temple was used as a place of Buddhist meditation.
Meaning of the name Borobudur is "monastery in the hills", which comes from the word "bara" (temple or monastery) and "beduhur" (hills or high places) in Sanskrit. Therefore, in accordance with the meaning of the name Borobudur, then this place long ago used as a place of Buddhist worship.
Since volcanic eruptions, most of the Borobudur buildings covered with volcanic soil. In addition, the building is also covered with various trees and shrubs for centuries. Then the building of this temple began in the days of forgotten Islam arrived in Indonesia around the 15th century.
In 1814 when the British occupied Indonesia, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles heard of the discovery of huge archaeological objects in the Bumisegoro village of Magelang. Due to the great interest the history of Java, then immediately ordered Raffles HC Cornelius, a Dutch engineer, to investigate the location of the discovery which was a hill covered with shrubs.
Cornelius assisted by about 200 men cut trees and remove shrubs that covered the giant building. Because the building considering the already fragile and could collapse, then report to the Raffles Cornelius invention includes several images. Since that discovery, Raffles was awarded as the man who started the restoration of Borobudur and the attention of the world. In 1835, the entire area of the temple has been unearthed. The temple is kept restored in the Dutch colonial period.
After Indonesia gained its independence, in 1956, the Indonesian government requested the assistance of UNESCO to examine the damage to Borobudur. Then in 1963, out of the official Indonesian government's decision to conduct the restoration of Borobudur temple with the help of UNESCO. However, this restoration was only really started on August 10, 1973. The process of restoration was recently completed in 1984. Since 1991, Borobudur designated as World Heritage or World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Level Structure Of Borobudur Temple
Borobudur Building shaped punden staircase consists of 10 levels, measuring 123 x 123 meters. Height of 42 meters and 34.5 meters before it was renovated after the renovation because the lowest level was used as a drag. This Buddhist temple has 1460 relief panels and 504 Buddha effigies in the complex. Six lowest level of a square and two upper circular form, and the highest level in the form of Buddhist stupa facing to the west.
Each level represents the stages of human life. Corresponding schools of Mahayana Buddhism, every person who wants to reach the level of the Buddha should be through every level of life.
Kamadhatu: the base of Borobudur, symbolizing the human are still bound by lust. Rupadhatu: four levels on it, symbolizing human beings that have set themselves free from lust but still tied to appearance and shape. At that level, a statue of Buddha placed open. Arupadhatu: three levels above where the Buddhist stupa placed in the holes. It symbolizes man who had been free from lust, appearance, and shape. Arupa: the top that symbolizes nirvana, where Buddha is residing.
Each level has reliefs that will be read coherently run clockwise (towards the left of the entrance of the temple). In the reliefs of Borobudur tells of a legendary story, a variety of story content, among others, there are reliefs of the Hindu epic Ramayana, there are also reliefs Jataka stories. In addition, there are relief panels describing the condition of society at that time. For example, relief of farmers' activity reflecting the advance of agriculture system and relief of sailing boat representing the advance of shipping at that time centered on Bergotta (Semarang).
All relief panels in Borobudur temple reflect the Buddha's teachings. A Buddhist from India named Atisha, the 10th century once visited this temple that was built 3 centuries before Angkor Wat in Cambodia and 4 centuries before the Grand Cathedrals in Europe. Thanks to visiting Borobudur and having the script of Serlingpa Buddhism (one of the King of Sriwijaya), Atisha was able to develop Buddhism. He became head Vikramasila monastery and taught Tibetans of practicing Dharma. Six manuscripts of Serlingpa was condensed into a core doctrine called "The Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment" or better known by the name Bodhipathapradipa.
Borobudur Temple Building Material
Borobudur is the second largest temple after Ankor Wat temple in Cambodia. Borobudur Temple building area 15,129 m2, composed of 55,000 m3 of rock, from 2 million pieces of rocks. Average stone size 25 cm x 10 cm x 15 cm. Overall length of cut stone 500 km with a total weight of 1.3 million tons of stone. The walls of Borobudur Temple surrounded by pictures or reliefs which are a series of stories that made up the panel in 1460. The length of each panel 2 meters. If the series of reliefs that stretched the length of the approximately 3 km of relief entirely. The number of levels there are ten, 1-6 levels of a square, while the 70-10 round. Arca found throughout the temple buildings totaling 504 units. High temple of the soil surface until the end of the main stupa was 42 meters, 34.5 meters but now lives after being struck by lightning.
According to the investigation of an anthropologist, ethnologist Austria, Robert von Heine Geldern, ancestor of the Indonesian people are familiar with grammar and culture in the Neolithic period Megalithic originating from South Vietnam and Cambodia. In ancient Megalithic that the ancestors of Indonesia to make the tomb of his ancestors as well as a place of worship tiered pyramid building, getting to the top gets smaller. One was found in Lebak Sibedug Leuwiliang Bogor West Java. Similar buildings are also found in Sukuh near Solo, Borobudur Temple also. If we look from a distance, Borobudur will look like a staircase or a similar arrangement of building the pyramids and a stupa. Unlike the giant pyramids in Egypt and the Pyramids of Teotihuacan in Mexico Borobudur is another version of pyramid building. Borobudur pyramid form kepunden staircase will not be found in the region and any country, including in India. This is one of the advantages of Borobudur temple which is a typical Buddhist architecture in Indonesia.
Vesak (Waisak) Celebration at Borobudur
Every year on the full moon in May (or June in leap years), Buddhists in Indonesia to commemorate Vesak (waisak) at Borobudur. Vesak is celebrated as the day of birth, death and the time when Siddhartha Gautama obtain the highest wisdom to become the Buddha Shakyamuni. The third event is called Vesak Trisuci. Vesak ceremony centered on three Buddhist temples by walking from the Mendut to Pawon and ends at Borobudur. On the eve of Vesak, particularly during peak moment of full moon, Buddhists gathered around Borobudur. At that time, Borobudur is believed to be a gathering place of supernatural power. According to belief, during Vesak, the Buddha will appear in a look at the top of the mountain in the south.
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